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Young Scientists Journal - Peer-reviewed scientific research by young people across the globe. Inspiring innovation, one young scientist at a time Publish research, meet like-minded scientists, join a thriving community and more About us Publish your work Listen to our podcast Sign up to our newsletter Get in touch “I was amazed and delighted at the high quality of the science, the enthusiasm of the young scientists and the confidence with which they presented their research. They were inspirational. The world has a bright future with young scientists like these.” Professor Sir Martyn Poliakoff University of Nottingham Recent Posts

Join us for the Young Scientists Journal Conference 2024 at The King's School, Canterbury. Empower tomorrow's scientists today. Young Scientists Journal CONFERENCE 2025 More Information Coming Soon. 2024 Annual conference The Young Scientists Journal's annual conference is a platform for young minds to showcase their diverse studies, from Biology to Psychology, Maths to Geology. The event features illuminating lectures by world-leading scientists, inspiring the next generation. Held at the historic King's School, the conference fosters a spirit of inquiry, collaboration, and curiosity, providing a space for young minds to flourish. Tomorrow's scientists, today Relive the action via our YouTube Livestream. Click Here! *Please note that the final panel session has no audio due to technical difficulties. Rewatch The Livestream: 2024 Poster Competition (Now Closed) Just like our last 10 years of conferences, students aged 12-20 will have the opportunity to submit their original research projects in poster form. All posters submitted will be printed in-house and go on display at our conference. There is no need to bring your poster with you if you are unable to! All those who submit are welcomed to book their free ticket using the event page above. Judges will be walking around looking at posters so it is in your best interest to be there to answer any questions or submit a video presentation of your poster to maximise your chances of a prize. Prizes Available: Certificate from the Young Scientists Journal Publication on the Young Scientists Journal Website STEM Books (courtesy of the Butrous Foundation) DEADLINE: 1st NOVEMBER 2024 Needing Some Inspiration? Take a look at the entry of a previous finalist!

Shaunak Joshi (1) (1) Flame University Cassini-Huygens was an ambitious joint mission to Saturn with the goal of exploring the planet and its moons. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is the Indian national space agency with a large capacity for future innovation and contribution. This article collaboration, duration, and manoeuvring as aspects in which ISRO can improve by learning from the example set by Cassini-Huygens. Cassini offers many insights into international space collaboration. It is a testament to how building for redundancy and having a focused team can increase the lifespan of a mission. Cassini-Huygens followed an intricate route in order to complete its mission while staying safe. These points are compared to corresponding mission examples undertaken by ISRO, in order to determine where improvements can be made. Keywords: Cassini-Huygens, international collaboration, mission longevity, gravity-assist manoeuvring, ISRO interplanetary ambitions Article Type: Review Article

Arush Singhania (1) (1) Student, Saint Stephen's Episcopal School, Bradenton, FL This study examines real-time computer vision models for detecting and tracking player and ball movements in tennis matches under varying conditions, including changes in lighting, camera angles, occlusion, and motion blur. Accurate detection and tracking are essential for performance analytics, automated broadcasting, and sports officiating. The proposed Real-Time Tennis Analytics System (TAS) integrates YOLOv8 with motion tracking frameworks such as SORT and DeepSORT to achieve high accuracy and low latency match analysis. YOLOv8 detects players, the ball, and court lines, while a motion analysis module computes player trajectories, shot speeds, rally durations, and positional patterns. Models are trained on diverse professional and synthetic match footage annotated with player and ball positions. Performance is evaluated using precision, recall, Multiple Object Tracking Accuracy (MOTA), and Frames Per Second (FPS). TAS achieves high accuracy under stable lighting and camera conditions, though reliability decreases during high-speed rallies, shadowed courts, or low-resolution footage. The study highlights trade-offs between model complexity and responsiveness and proposes adaptive data augmentation and temporal smoothing to improve robustness. Overall, TAS shows that combining YOLOv8 detection with motion analytics provides real-time insights for coaches, analysts, and broadcasters, supporting data-driven decisions in tennis and other racket sports. Keywords: YOLOv8; Tennis Analytics; Object Detection; Motion Tracking; Computer Vision; Sports AI Article Type: Original Research

Jimin Ryu (1) (1) Frankfurt International School (FIS) December 26th, 2025 Animal agriculture, or the act of raising livestock for food, is a thorny ethical issue. From a philosophical standpoint, this topic intersects the spheres of ethical philosophy, nutritional necessity, and ecological sustainability. This literature review examines the ethical complexities and moral tensions surrounding animal husbandry by drawing on relational ethics, welfare science, and life comparative account frameworks to assess the obligations humans hold toward domesticated animals. While abolitionist perspectives advocate for a complete termination of animal husbandry, this review argues that reform—rather than complete abolition—offers a more coherent and moral response. Acknowledging the co-evolutionary interdependence between humans and livestock, the paper promotes the reduction of suffering through improved welfare standards. This paper also synthesizes evidence on the irreplaceable nutritional role of animal products in promoting cognitive development for vulnerable populations, alongside animal products’ role in ecological stability. Furthermore, the paper explores the ecological and social risks of removing livestock systems, highlighting both global market dependence and the potential for sustainable, small-scale alternatives. Ultimately, this review argues that cultivating systems of principled stewardship, reciprocal care, and sustainable coexistence provides the most ethically consistent and practically sustainable way forward for how humans and animals can seek a peaceful, actionable, and mutually-beneficial coexistence. Key-words: Animal welfare, Relational ethics, Agricultural reform, Nutritional necessity Article Type: Review Article